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Active Directory Health Checks For Domain Controllers WindowsList all the Domain Controllers in Active Directory. a directory partition on a domain controller. Active Directory Health Check. I”ve just written a small article on the common steps that I perform when doing health checks on domain controllers. AdminPrep is not up right now so I”ll post. How to make automated Active Directory Health Checks for Domain Controllers? · Hello Peter, You can check the health of a Domain using DCDAIG, Netdaig. How to do an Active Directory Health Check. Step 2: (Windows 2008 R2 domain controllers) Active Directory Domain Services and DNS Server Best Practices Analyzer. How to perform an Active Directory health check. by. (/a means 'all domain controllers', /v means 'verbose logging' and /c means 'comprehensive set of tests.'). . automated-active-directory-health-checks-for-domain-controllers?forum. 2008/06/03/active-directory-health-checks-for-domain. How to perform an Active Directory health check. Managing Active Directory health usually comes down to three main tasks: installation and deployment, maintenance.. By submitting your email address, you agree to receive emails regarding relevant topic offers from Tech. Target and its partners. You can withdraw your consent at any time. Contact Tech. Target at 2. Grove Street, Newton, MA. You also agree that your personal information may be transferred and processed in the United States, and that you have read and agree to the Terms of Use and the Privacy Policy. In this tip, we're going to review how to build a reliable Active Directory, focusing particularly on the preventative maintenance aspects. It's way out of the scope of this article to talk about how to properly configure Active Directory. Fortunately, Microsoft has some great resources on their Technet website. I also strongly recommend that anyone who is running Active Directory get the O'Reilly books Active Directory and Active Directory Cookbook. These have been on my bookshelf for years, and I turn to them whenever I'm working in AD. I find that AD is complex enough that the normal short Web resources just aren't good enough to help in design and deployment. Once your Active Directory is up and running, you do need to perform regular maintenance on it. Every AD guru has their own set of procedures on how to check Active Directory health, but in this article, I'll share mine. Check your backups. In fact, this is so important that I wrote a whole separate Active Directory management Tech Tip about it. Make sure your replications are working. AD depends on multiple databases being kept in close synchronization by passing around updates and changes. This entire process is called replication, but it's not the entire directory that's being replicated, just the changes. The whole process isn't tremendously complicated, but if your replications stop working properly, your directory won't be reliable. You can always run "repadmin /showrepl" to see the status of recent replications and whether changes are properly synchronizing. It's unusual for there to be a failure in a LAN case, but if your domain spreads across a WAN, you can have delays. When a change is made, it won't instantaneously replicate everywhere. Nevertheless, in a healthy AD forest, your replications will all be within a few hours of each other. Repadmin tells you when the last replication was, and all of the servers should be on the same timetable. When I have more than 2 controllers to look at, I use "repadmin /showrepl * /bysrc /bydest" to get a snapshot of the entire AD domain controller network. Do this monthly. Check the event logs. As far as I can tell, it's impossible to eliminate all errors from the event logs, especially during boot time. But for an AD domain controller that has been booted for at least a few hours, you should have nothing other than informational messages in your event log for the directory service. It's important to check event logs both when things are working properly and when you think you have a problem, so you can see which error messages are "normal" for your Active Directory deployment. If you are regularly getting anything other than information messages (usually about defragmentation and backups) in your Directory or DNS application error logs, you have a problem which needs to be resolved. This is another monthly task. Know when to defragment. The Active Directory database can get large and fragmented if you have a large directory that runs for years and years, and you can increase performance by performing periodic maintenance. In Windows 2. 00. AD as a service and perform database maintenance tasks. In earlier versions, you have to boot up into DS Restore Mode to get direct access to the directory. In either case, your preferred utility is Ntdsutil, which lets you check database integrity and reclaim space from, or defragment, the database. This is more of an annual task than a monthly one, but it is something you should plan for at least once a year. Ntdsutil has another important job: It is used to reset the Directory Services Restore Mode Admin Password, something you need to do every time a system administrator leaves your company. This can be done without booting into Restore Mode in Windows 2. Use Dcdiag. I saved the best for last, because I love this tool. Dcdiag has almost 3. Active Directory, ranging from basic connectivity and security settings errors for directory servers to very specific issues such as missing machine accounts. Yes, it's cryptic, it's confusing, it's about as hard to use as anything Microsoft has published. But it has an abundance of tests included, and it can catch all sorts of very interesting errors. I start with "dcdiag /a /v /c" (/a means "all domain controllers", /v means "verbose logging" and /c means "comprehensive set of tests.") to see what the big picture of errors is going to be - - and there are almost always a few that have to be looked at, even if they turn out to be innocuous. Some errors that Dcdiag will find, such as system log errors and KCC errors, are common but transient, often because a system has been rebooted. But others, such as the Role Holder test, indicate a serious problem when Dcdiag reports a failure. Note: "Repadmin" and "Dcdiag" are both command shell- based applications included in the Windows Support Tools. They're in the Support\Tools folder on the Windows Server 2. CD, or available from Microsoft as part of KB8. If you can get a clean Dcdiag run for your domain controllers, then you are almost guaranteed a healthy and properly operating Active Directory. Not every error in Dcdiag is a big deal; some of them won't really impact operations at all. However, you should run this tool regularly and make sure you understand every single error and whether it is something you need to fix or not. I run Dcdiag monthly on systems which are not throwing errors, but if I have recently fixed a problem, I like to run it more frequently, such as once a week, to be sure that other problems do not creep into the directory. Once you get the hang of it, Active Directory is a wonderful thing. It can act as a single repository for information about users and groups, Windows computers, printers and more. Of course, for reliability, you always want to have multiple Active Directory servers backing each other up. This is critical to the overall security of your network; if you depend on Active Directory, and it goes down, then you've got a real problem. Building a reliable Active Directory should give you the confidence to use AD for other applications. For example, most network and security devices can use RADIUS for authentication of administrators, which helps to centralize password management and account management. Similarly, almost all security devices that are user- aware (such as SSL VPN systems) and will authenticate against Active Directory. About the author: Joel Snyder is a senior partner at Opus One, an IT consulting firm specializing in security and messaging. Send comments on this technical tip editor@searchmidmarketsecurity. Join our IT Knowledge Exchange discussion forum; please use the midmarket security tag. Active Directory Health Checks for Domain Controllers? Hello Peter, You can check the health of a Domain using DCDAIG . Netdaig , Netsh , Repadmin Tool. Using DCDAIG Tool you can Verfiy following AD Compnonets are working fine or not. Checking FSMO roles on a Domain Controller Troubleshoot Active Directory replication errors Check DNS registration Examine Domain Controller and verify it is functioning correctly. Topology Integrity Inter site Health Trust Verification File Replication Service. You can refer below link to get the sytax of Dcdaig tool , depending on your requirement you can choose the appropriate command line. Working- Domain- Controller- Diagnostic- Utility- Part. If there is an issue with networking components on DC you can run below command line to check that. Netdiag. exe /v > > c: \temp\pre_Netdiag. Netsh Is mainly used to check the health of DHCP . Below is the commandline you can utilise. Netsh dhcp show server > > c: \temp\pre_dhcp. Finally you can use Repadmin commndline to check the replication between the domain controllers. Repadmin /showreps > > c: \temp\pre_rep_partners. You can refer the below article to understand this. If you are planning monitor your Domain on Daily basis , then I suggest you to go for some Monitoring Tools Like. SCOM/BMC Patorl. Regards,_Prashant_MCSA|MCITP SA|Microsoft Exchange 2. Blog - http: //prashant. Disclaimer: This posting is provided AS- IS with no warranties/guarantees and confers no rights. Nero 2. 01. 4 Platinum 1. Final (keygen DI) ! Nero Play to TV streaming. NEW! Now stream movies to your TV with 1- click and control them via your TV. The cool new feature Slideshow to TV lets you stream your very own high quality slideshows with one click through Nero Media. Home to your TV including themes, effects and music. Disc to Device conversion. NEW! Effortlessly transcode and send your video or audio disc content to any connected device or virtual drive. NEW! 1- click transcode and send video or audio disc content to any connected device or virtual drive. NEW! 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Award-winning news and analysis for enterprise IT. Readbag users suggest that DART09_Bell.pdf is worth reading. The file contains 163 page(s) and is free to view, download or print. Contact us to learn more about Purity.Organic juice, fruit, and coconut water. How to create an Active Directory domain to test. В against. Many interested people want to help test the Active Directory work and. But sadly there’s no public Active Directory. I know of. So here’s how to setup a virtual machine with. Active Directory. It’s not that hard. Preparation. Each Active Directory has a unique domain name. Choose one. You can. I chose borg. thewalter. Download the evaluation edition of Windows 2. Creating a Test Environment. One of the challenges I have always seen with this is how to create a test environment that closely matches. (This is installed when you install the role Active Directory Lightweight.R2 Enterprise server. Click the Get Started. В button at that link to download. The evaluation edition is valid for 1. You should end up. ISO file named something. В 7. 60. 1. 1. 75. GRMSXEVAL_EN_DVD. We’ll be using virt- manager in this tutorial, so install. Create a virtual network. The Active Directory server will need a static IP address. The. default virtual network configured by libvirtd does not have any. IP address, so we need to create a new virtual network. Start virt- manager and make sure you’re connected to the. QEMU) connection. Click on localhost (QEMU) and choose Edit. В > В Connection. Archived from groups: microsoft.public.win2000.active_directory Hi, I am trying to build a test environment that mimics the production environment, I have tried a couple of scenarios to do this but neither has worked too well. Lab testing is the first evaluation of the Active Directory design. Testing the Design and Deployment in a Lab Environment. Updated. Ensure that the test lab environment is isolated from the rest of your. DS Evolution > Blog > Creating valid DEV and QA environments within Active. the perfect way to isolate and so protect the production environment. Silver partner that specialises in all aspects of the Active Directory. . How to setup testing Active Directory environment on. Guidelines for Deploying Windows Server Active Directory on Windows. One of the best things to build your test environment on Windows Azure is that it. Please share your experiences and what did you use to build it? For example, P2V Ldif Dump? I have a question regarding how to build a lab that mirrors production environment. See more Active Directory questions. Details from the menu. Choose the Virtual Networks tab in the dialog that pops up and. Use settings like: Network Name: ad. Network: 1. 92. 1. Enable DHCP: checked. Start: 1. 92. 1. 68. End: 1. 92. 1. 68. Notice that we left some space between the start of the netblock and. DHCP allocated address. Actually virt- manager does this by. You probably want to Forward (via NAT) to your physical network. That makes it easier to activate windows later and get updates. Complete the wizard and you’re done. Create a new virtual machine. In the main virt- manager window, click the create button in the. Type the domain name you chose above as the virtual machine Name. Choose Local install media. В and when prompted select the ISO. Set. В OS type. В to. В Windows, and Version. В to Microsoft Windows. Server 2. 00. 8. 5. MB of memory is enough, 1 CPU is enough. Feel free to set these. Create a new virtual disk with at least 1. GB of disk space. On the last page of the Create a new virtual machine. В dialog. expand the Advanced options. В section and choose the network you. Complete the dialog and the virtual machine should be created. Then. the Windows install should begin. Windows Server install. Choose whatever keyboard and language you want on the first dialog. On the next page choose Install now. A list of types of Windows Server installs should show up. Choose. Windows Server 2. R2 Standard (Full Installation)and go to the. Read and accept the license. Choose Custom (advanced) when prompted how to install Windows. Select the disk to install Windows on. There should only be one. Windows Server will proceed to install, and will reboot a couple. Once the system is ready, you will be prompted to change the. Administrator password. This is actually setting the password for. This is the password for the Administrator account. Active Directory. You can use the same password for. If all goes well you should be logged into your new server at this. A bunch of helpful windows will pop up, but you don’t need to. Set the IP address. An Active Directory server acts as an LDAP and DNS server, and needs. IP address. Click Start > Network,and then click the. В Change adapter. В link in the window that comes up. Another window should appear. Right click on the. В Local Area Connection. В item and choose. Properties. В in the menu. Click on the Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv. В item and then. click the Properties. В button. A dialog for setting the addresses. Choose Use the following IP address. Then set the relevant fields. The settings here are based on the virtual network you created. IP Address: В 1. 92. Subnet mask: В 2. Default gateway: В 1. Preferred DNS Server: 1. Click OK or Close in the various dialogs to complete things. Set the machine name. An Active Directory server should have a well known DNS name, you. DNS, but just name the server appropriately. Active Directory will do the rest. Click Start. В > В Computer, and a window should come up. In the left pane of the window, there’s an item called. Computer. Right click on it and choose Properties. В from the menu. Another window should show up. Click Change Settings, and a dialog will come up. In the Computer Name. В tab click the. В Change…В button, which. Set DC as the Computer name. В or another name of your choice. Don’t worry about the Member of Domain or Workgroup. В stuff yet. Click OK and/or Close to complete the changes. You’ll be prompted to. Setting up Active Directory. Click Start > В Run. В and type DCPROMO in the dialog that comes up. A progress window will come up which explains about installing some. This takes a while. A wizard will eventually show up. Click through the introduction and warnings. Choose Create a new domain in a new forest. On the next page enter the domain you chose earlier, like. Choose the Forest functional level. You can choose whichever one. Choosing 2. 00. 8 R2. В is a decent choice. You can test. against various Active Directory servers with different levels to. Make sure DNS Server. В is chosen on the next page. Once you complete that, a dialog will come up warning you about how. DNS delegation cannot be created. We’ll do that manually below. Choose Yes. Leave the default paths for database and log files. Choose a domain Administrator password. Logically this is. В Administrator. В account you set the. But you can use the same password to keep things simple. Review the selections if you’re interested, and then click Next to. Wait for a while for installation and configuration, Finish. В You’ll need to Restart Now. The reboot after installing Active Directory will take a while as it. Setup DNS to work with Active Directory. Back on your linux box you’ll want to be able to connect to Active. Directory. To do this you need to setup DNS. Active Directory comes. DNS server, you just need to tell your local host. В where. it is. To do this we’ll install a local caching name server. Install bind. If you’re on Fedora you can use a command. В # yum install caching- nameserver. After the install completes, edit /etc/named. ISP DNS server */ }. And add this to the end of /etc/named. Modify for your domain. IP address assigned above: zone "borg. Restart the named service with: # systemctl restart named. Before configuring your host to use the local caching nameserver. Once you know it’s working, use nm- connection- editor to edit your. Choose your connection, and on the IPv. Settings tab. choose Automatic (DHCP) addresses only. Now set 1. 27. 0. DNS servers. You should now be able to test you local server with commands like: # host borg. Test the Active Directory domain works. On your host linux box you should now be able to get a kerberos ticket. If you have a custom configured /etc/krb. There is no real need for this file with a modern. Active Directory. Run this command. Make sure the domain is upper case here: $ kinit Administrator@BORG. THEWALTER. LAN. You’ll be prompted for the domain Administrator password. The one. you typed in the Setting up Active Directory. В step above. If successful kinit will show no output. You can use the klist. That’s it. You’re done. В You can add additional Active Directory users via the Active Directory. Users and Computers. В tool in the Administrative Tools section of the. Start menu in the Windows Server virtual machine. You may be prompted to Activate your Windows install. You won’t need any. Just go ahead with it. The. install you have is valid for 1. Alter Table Activate Not Logged Initially With Empty Table Db2TSM Database and Recovery Log TSM Database version 6.1 and later. Basic database structure Database sizing and tuning Recovery log sizing and tuning. Not null 制約と default 制約以外には、制約名をつけることができます。 constraint 制約名 制約 top 外部キー制約.
Tips for improving INSERT performance in DB2 Universal Database. Introduction. The insertion of rows is one of the most common and important tasks you will perform when using a DB2® Universal Database (UDB). This article is a compilation of techniques for optimizing the performance of inserts, particularly high volume inserts. As in most any performance discussion, there are tradeoffs. We'll discuss the tradeoffs that optimizing inserts can introduce. For example, a technique you use for inserts may require additional processing following the inserts, or may impact query performance. I will provide some performance measurement results to give you an idea of the significance of many of the optimization techniques. Appendix A contains a numbered summary of the results., and throughout the article I'll refer to the results by their test numbers. In the Conclusion section below is a summary of the most beneficial techniques, and Appendix B lists all of the suggestions made in the paper. Although we won't be examining complete details on how to implement the techniques, this information is available in the DB2 manuals unless otherwise indicated. Please go to the References for more details. Back to top. Overview of INSERT Processing. Let's start by taking a simplified look at the processing steps for an insert of a single row. Each of these steps has potential for optimization, which we'll discuss later in sequence. The statement is prepared on the client. For dynamic SQL, this is done just before execution, and its performance is important; for static SQL the performance is virtually irrelevant since the prepare step is done in advance. The column values for the row to be inserted are assembled on the client and sent to the DB2 server. The DB2 server determines the page in which to insert the row. DB2 reserves a slot in the buffer pool for the page. If it's using an existing page, it may be read from disk; if it's a new page, it may need to be physically allocated to the tablespace (if SMS, system managed space). Each page with inserted rows will eventually be written from the buffer pool to disk. The row is formatted in the target page and an X (exclusive) row lock is obtained on it. A record reflecting the insert is written to the log buffer. The transaction containing the insert is (eventually) committed, at which point the log buffer record(s) are written to the log disk if they haven't already been. There are also numerous types of additional processing that may take place, depending on the database configuration, for example, the existence of indexes or triggers. This extra processing can be highly significant to performance and will be discussed later. Back to top. Alternatives to inserts. Before we discuss optimizing inserts in detail, let's consider the alternatives to inserts: load and import. The import utility is essentially a front end for SQL INSERTs, but some of its capabilities may be useful to you. Load also has useful extra features, but the main reason for using load instead of inserts would be improved performance. We won't discuss import further here, but see the References section below for a pointer to the Data Movement Utilities Guide discussion of how import and load differ. Load formats data pages directly, while avoiding most of the overhead of individual row processing that inserts incur (for example, logging is virtually eliminated). Also, load can better exploit parallelism on multiprocessor machines. Two new capabilities in V8 load are especially interesting in terms of being alternatives to insert: load from a cursor, and load from call level interface (CLI) applications. Load from a cursor. This approach can be used in application programs (via the db. Load API), or DB2 scripts. As an example of the latter. Those two lines could replace. Tests 6 and 9 in Appendix A showed that loading from a cursor provided almost 2. INSERT .. SELECT statement. Load from CLIThis approach is obviously limited to call level interface (CLI) programs, but it's very fast. The technique is very similar to array inserts (discussed later), and a sample is provided with DB2; see sqllib/samples/cli/tbload. Looking at test 7. Appendix A, we see that using load can be over twice as fast as fairly optimized array inserts (test 7. Back to top. Areas of improvement for all inserts. Let's look at the essential steps of insert processing and the techniques you can use to optimize them. Statement preparation. Being an SQL statement, an INSERT statement must be compiled by DB2 before it's executed. This can take place automatically (e. CLP, or a CLI SQLExec. Direct call), or explicitly (e. SQL Prepare statement, CLI SQLPrepare, or JDBC prepare. Statement). This compilation process involves authorization checking, optimization, and other activities necessary to convert the statement into an executable form. When the statement is compiled, its access plan is stored in the package cache. If the same INSERT statement is executed repeatedly, its access plan will (usually) be found in the package cache and the compilation cost is avoided. However, if the insert contains literal values that differ for each row, each statement is treated as unique and must be separately compiled. It is highly desirable to replace a repeated statement such as. Comparing test 1 with test 2, and 6. Using host variables in a static SQL program would have a similar benefit.)2. Sending column values to the Server. There are several different optimization techniques that fall into this category. The most important of them is to include more than one row per insert, which avoids costly per- row client- server communication, as well as DB2 overhead. The techniques available for doing multi- row inserts are. Include multiple row contents in the VALUES clause. For example, this will insert three rows. INSERT INTO mytable VALUES (1, 'abc'), (2, 'def'), (3, 'ghi')Use array insert in CLI. This involves preparing an INSERT statement with parameter markers, defining an array for storing the values to be inserted, binding the array to the parameter markers, and executing the insert once for each set of array contents. See the references in the CLI Guide and Reference for details; also, sample program sqllib/samples/cli/tbload. CLI LOAD instead). Comparing the times for tests 6. An array of at least 1. Use batch operations in JDBC. This is based on the same concept as array inserts in CLI, but with different implementation details. After preparing the insert via the prepare. Statement method, the remaining steps are to invoke the appropriate set. XXXX method (for example, set. String or set. Int) for each column, followed by add. Batch. Those steps are repeated for each row to be inserted, then execute. Batch is invoked to perform the inserts. See the JDBC Tutorial in the References for an example. Use load to get the data into a staging table very quickly, then use INSERT .. SELECT to populate the main table. See section "Increased parallelism through staging tables and other approaches" below.) The cost savings from this approach arises from the speed of load, coupled with the fact that INSERT .. SELECT transfers data within DB2 itself (on the server), eliminating communication costs. Usually you would not use this approach unless there's additional processing to be done in the INSERT .. SELECT that could not be done in the load itself. If it's not possible for you to pass multiple rows in one insert, the next best thing is to combine multiple inserts into a group that all get passed together from the client to the server. However, this implies that each insert will contain literal values and will thus be prepared, so performance will be substantially worse than if parameter markers were used, as discussed above in "Statement preparation".) Combining statements into one is done through Compound SQL. At the SQL level, a compound statement is created through the BEGIN ATOMIC or BEGIN COMPOUND statement. Within CLI, compound statements can be established through multiple SQLExec. Direct and SQLExecute calls; see the CLI Guide and Reference Volume 1 for details. As of DB2 V8 Fix. Pak 4, another approach to generating compound statements is by setting the statement attribute SQL_ATTR_CHAINING_BEGIN before issuing multiple SQLExecute calls (for a single prepared statement), and SQL_ATTR_CHAINING_END afterwards. Here are some other suggestions on this topic: If possible, have the client running in the same code page as the database, to avoid conversion costs on the server. The database's code page can be determined by running "get db cfg for < database> ". CLI will automatically perform data type conversions in some cases, but this comes with a (small) hidden performance penalty. Try to have the input values already in the most appropriate form for the column being inserted into. Minimize the insert- related setup costs in the application. For example, when using array inserts in CLI you should try to execute SQLBind. Parameter once per column for the entire set of inserts, not once for each set of array contents. These calls are not expensive on an individual basis, but they do add up. Finding where to store the row DB2 uses one of three algorithms for deciding where to insert a row. If Multi- dimensional Clustering (MDC) is in use, it's a different story, but we won't cover that here.) For details on the insert algorithms, see the referenced location in the DB2 V8 Administration Guide: Performance. The default mode is for DB2 to search the Free Space Control Records (FSCR's) interspersed in a table's pages to find a page that has enough free space to hold the new row. Obviously, if there is relatively little free space on each page, much of the search time will be wasted. To counter this, DB2 provides the DB2. MAXFSCRSEARCH registry variable to allow you to limit the search to fewer than the default of 5 pages. The second algorithm is used when the table is placed in APPEND mode through ALTER TABLE. |
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